Causes
* The means by which caffeine exerts its pharmacologic effects remains a subject of active research.
* A leading theory suggests that caffeine is an adenosine receptor antagonist that blocks 2 major types of adenosine receptors, A1AR and A2AAR.9
* Adenosine is an inhibitory neuromodulator affecting norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin activity.
* Caffeine's putative antagonism of adenosine would increase those neurotransmitters promoting psychostimulation.
* The same neurotransmitter systems are implicated in the pathophysiology of several psychiatric disorders.
Caffeine-Related Psychiatric Disorders
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