Researchers at Columbia University led by Dr. Scott A. Small used MRI scanning to look at the brains of 18 normal adolescents, 18 youths who had schizophrenia, and 18 with preliminary symptoms. These symptoms included paranoid thinking, such as subjects believing someone was looking at them in a troubling way while knowing that’s not a realistic perception. In full schizophrenia, which affects about 1 percent of the population, people are so disconnected from reality that they believe paranoid thoughts are real.
The researchers scanned the high-risk subjects and then followed them for two years. When they looked back at the scans of those who went on to develop psychotic disorders like schizophrenia, they found 70 percent of them had shown unusually high activity in a particular part of the hippocampus, a key brain structure dealing with memory.
Is there any way to predict the onset of schizophrenia?
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